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Over the years, the government has implemented cuts to the legal aid budget, which has led to a reduction in the scope of services available to those in need.

If any legal issues arise that cannot be resolved immediately, the judge may make rulings or request further clarification. Ultimately, the Welsh court system operate within the broader framework of England and Wales but are undergoing steady evolution as Wales builds a distinct legal identity.

The issue is especially prevalent in family law cases, where emotional and personal stakes are high.

This is typically an early stage where both parties (the claimant and defendant) meet with the judge to discuss the case, set deadlines for filing documents, and schedule subsequent hearings.

At the trial stage, both sides will present their evidence and arguments before a judge (or a panel of judges in certain cases).

These provide more accessible and specialist forums for resolving disputes in devolved areas and are tailored to Welsh law and policy.

This includes ensuring that defendants in criminal cases are given the opportunity to mount a defense, that victims are heard and given protection, and that all individuals involved have access to legal representation.

In more complex cases, especially those involving expert testimony or large amounts of evidence, the trial may last several days or even weeks.

From bilingual proceedings to unique social legislation, Welsh courts are increasingly reflective of national priorities and cultural values.

In 2019, the Commission on Justice in Wales—chaired by Lord Thomas of Cwmgiedd—recommended that Wales should eventually have full control over its justice system, including the creation of a Welsh legal jurisdiction and court structure.